在實際生產過程中，我們會發現相同的CNC數控車床不同的人員操作，在相同的工作時間內生產效率相差很大，許多CNC數控車床的CNC數控車床加工能力得不到充分的體現，發揮不出其zui優作用。在使用過程中，只有充分考慮影響CNC數控車床生產效率的各方面因素，想方設法地提高CNC數控車床的生產效率，才能使CNC數控車床的生產能力得到充分的發揮。
1.制定合理的CNC數(shu)控車床加工工藝路線，減少數(shu)控銑削的輔(fu)助(zhu)時間(jian)
  為(wei)了(le)提高CNC數控車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產效率，首先必須認真分析CNC數控車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)所CNC數控車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)零件(jian)，弄(nong)清零件(jian)的(de)(de)材料(liao)、結(jie)構(gou)特點(dian)和形位公差要求、粗(cu)糙(cao)度、熱處理等方(fang)面的(de)(de)技(ji)術要求。然后在(zai)此(ci)基礎(chu)上，選(xuan)擇合理的(de)(de)銑削CNC數控車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝和簡潔(jie)的(de)(de)CNC數控車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)路線(xian)。
CNC數(shu)控(kong)車床(chuang)加工工藝(yi)的(de)(de)制定：通(tong)常一(yi)個(ge)零件(jian)(jian)可以(yi)有數(shu)種不同(tong)的(de)(de)工藝(yi)過程(cheng)，零件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)工藝(yi)過程(cheng)不同(tong)，其生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)效率、CNC數(shu)控(kong)車床(chuang)加工成(cheng)本以(yi)及CNC數(shu)控(kong)車床(chuang)加工精度往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)有著(zhu)(zhu)顯著(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)差別(bie)，因此我們(men)應在(zai)保證零件(jian)(jian)CNC數(shu)控(kong)車床(chuang)加工質(zhi)量的(de)(de)前提下，根據生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)具體條件(jian)(jian)，盡量提高生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)效率和(he)降(jiang)低(di)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本，制定出合理的(de)(de)CNC數(shu)控(kong)車床(chuang)加工工藝(yi)。
CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)線(xian)的(de)(de)確(que)(que)定(ding):正確(que)(que)簡潔的(de)(de)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)線(xian)，是保證(zheng)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)質量(liang)(liang)和提率(lv)的(de)(de)基礎。選擇零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)線(xian)時，必須遵守CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)線(xian)的(de)(de)確(que)(que)定(ding)原則(ze)(ze)，才能達到提高生產效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。確(que)(que)定(ding)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)線(xian)的(de)(de)原則(ze)(ze)主要(yao)有：應能保證(zheng)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)精(jing)度和表面粗糙度的(de)(de)要(yao)求，且效(xiao)率(lv)較高；應盡量(liang)(liang)使(shi)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)線(xian)zui短，這(zhe)(zhe)樣既可(ke)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)程(cheng)序(xu)段，又可(ke)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)刀(dao)(dao)具空(kong)程(cheng)走(zou)刀(dao)(dao)時間(jian)；應使(shi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)值計(ji)算簡單，程(cheng)序(xu)段數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)少(shao)(shao)(shao)，以(yi)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)編程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)作量(liang)(liang)。此外，確(que)(que)定(ding)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)路(lu)線(xian)時，還(huan)要(yao)考慮工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)和車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)、刀(dao)(dao)具的(de)(de)剛度等(deng)情況，確(que)(que)定(ding)是一(yi)次(ci)走(zou)刀(dao)(dao)，還(huan)是多次(ci)走(zou)刀(dao)(dao)來完成CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)。同時，應盡量(liang)(liang)做到一(yi)次(ci)裝夾(jia)(jia)、多方(fang)位CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，一(yi)次(ci)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)成形。這(zhe)(zhe)樣，可(ke)減(jian)少(shao)(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)安裝次(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，有效(xiao)縮(suo)短搬運和裝夾(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)時間(jian)。這(zhe)(zhe)樣，既能有效(xiao)地(di)(di)提高CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)效(xiao)率(lv)又能很好地(di)(di)保證(zheng)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)位置精(jing)度要(yao)求。
2.選擇恰當的(de)刀具
選擇(ze)刀(dao)具(ju)應(ying)考慮CNC數控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)CNC數控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車床(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)能力(li)、工(gong)序內容、工(gong)件材(cai)料(liao)等因素。CNC數控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車床(chuang)所選擇(ze)的(de)(de)(de)刀(dao)具(ju)，不僅要求具(ju)有高(gao)硬度、高(gao)耐(nai)磨(mo)性(xing)(xing)、足夠的(de)(de)(de)強度和韌性(xing)(xing)、高(gao)耐(nai)熱性(xing)(xing)及良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝性(xing)(xing)，而(er)且要求尺寸(cun)穩定(ding)、安裝調整方(fang)便。所以應(ying)采用新型(xing)材(cai)料(liao)制造數控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)CNC數控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車床(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)刀(dao)具(ju)，并優(you)化刀(dao)具(ju)參數，使刀(dao)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)與被(bei)CNC數控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車床(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)表面尺寸(cun)和形狀(zhuang)相適應(ying)。那么，怎么選擇(ze)合適的(de)(de)(de)切(qie)削刀(dao)具(ju)呢？
（1）選擇(ze)適當的(de)刀具(ju)
在CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)床的(de)(de)切(qie)削(xue)CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)床加(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)，金屬切(qie)削(xue)刀(dao)具(ju)的(de)(de)作用是極(ji)其重要(yao)的(de)(de)。制造刀(dao)具(ju)的(de)(de)材料必須具(ju)有較(jiao)高的(de)(de)硬度、耐磨性(xing)和耐熱性(xing)，足(zu)夠的(de)(de)強度和韌性(xing)，良好(hao)的(de)(de)導(dao)熱性(xing)及工(gong)藝性(xing)，并具(ju)有良好(hao)的(de)(de)經濟性(xing)。在選(xuan)用刀(dao)具(ju)過程中(zhong)，在滿足(zu)零件CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)床加(jia)工(gong)要(yao)求的(de)(de)前提下，盡量(liang)選(xuan)擇直徑較(jiao)大的(de)(de)刀(dao)具(ju)，它的(de)(de)強度及韌性(xing)較(jiao)好(hao)；同(tong)一道工(gong)序中(zhong)，選(xuan)用的(de)(de)刀(dao)具(ju)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)盡量(liang)少(shao)，以減少(shao)換刀(dao)次(ci)數(shu)(shu)；盡可(ke)能選(xuan)擇通用的(de)(de)標準(zhun)刀(dao)具(ju)，不用或少(shao)用特殊的(de)(de)非標準(zhun)刀(dao)具(ju)。
（2）合(he)理確定對刀點
對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)是在(zai)CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)上(shang)CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)時，刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)相對(dui)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)運動的(de)起(qi)點(dian)(dian)。又稱“程序起(qi)點(dian)(dian)"或“起(qi)到點(dian)(dian)"。對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)的(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)必(bi)須遵守以(yi)下原則(ze)：便于用數(shu)(shu)字處理和(he)簡化程序編(bian)制；在(zai)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)上(shang)找正(zheng)容易，CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)便于檢查(cha)；引起(qi)的(de)CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)誤差(cha)小。對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)的(de)位(wei)置可(ke)選(xuan)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)，也可(ke)選(xuan)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)外面(mian)（如夾具(ju)或車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)上(shang)），但(dan)必(bi)須與零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)定(ding)位(wei)基(ji)準有一定(ding)的(de)尺(chi)寸關(guan)系。對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)應(ying)盡(jin)量選(xuan)在(zai)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)設計基(ji)準或工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝基(ji)準上(shang)，如以(yi)孔(kong)(kong)定(ding)位(wei)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，可(ke)選(xuan)孔(kong)(kong)的(de)中心作為對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)。刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)的(de)位(wei)置則(ze)以(yi)此孔(kong)(kong)來找正(zheng)，使“到位(wei)點(dian)(dian)"與“對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)"重合(he)。這樣，可(ke)以(yi)便可(ke)以(yi)更好地(di)提高對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)效(xiao)率，保證CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量。
3.合理安裝夾(jia)(jia)緊工件，提高裝夾(jia)(jia)速度
在(zai)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車床上CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車床加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件時(shi)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的定位安裝應力求(qiu)使設計基準(zhun)(zhun)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝基準(zhun)(zhun)與編程計算(suan)的基準(zhun)(zhun)統一(yi)；盡量減少裝夾次數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，盡可(ke)能(neng)在(zai)一(yi)次定位裝夾后(hou)，CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車床加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)出(chu)全部(bu)待CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車床加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)表面(mian)；避免(mian)采(cai)用占機人工(gong)(gong)(gong)調整(zheng)CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車床加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方案，以(yi)充分(fen)發揮CNC數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車床的效(xiao)能(neng)。
CNC數控(kong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)切(qie)削CNC數控(kong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)加工時，對零件(jian)進行定位、夾緊設(she)計以(yi)及家(jia)具(ju)的選用和設(she)計等(deng)問題上要作全面(mian)考慮。在設(she)計家(jia)具(ju)時，首先要保證家(jia)具(ju)的坐(zuo)標方(fang)(fang)向與車(che)(che)床(chuang)的坐(zuo)標方(fang)(fang)向相對固定。其次(ci)，要協(xie)調零件(jian)和車(che)(che)床(chuang)坐(zuo)標系(xi)的尺寸關系(xi)。同(tong)時，還應考慮：
（1）當零件生(sheng)產(chan)批(pi)量不大時，應(ying)盡量采用(yong)組合(he)夾(jia)具、可調(diao)式夾(jia)具及通用(yong)夾(jia)具，以縮短生(sheng)產(chan)準備(bei)時間、節省生(sheng)產(chan)費(fei)用(yong)；
（2）在成批生(sheng)產時才(cai)考慮采用專用夾具，并力求結構(gou)簡單；
（3）零件的裝卸(xie)要(yao)快速、方便、可靠(kao)，以縮短車床的停機時間(jian)；
  （4）夾(jia)具上各零部件應不(bu)妨礙車床(chuang)對(dui)零件各表(biao)面(mian)的CNC數(shu)控車床(chuang)加工；
（5）在選(xuan)擇工裝時(shi)應有利于刀具(ju)交換，避(bi)免發(fa)生(sheng)干涉碰撞；
（6）在成批生產中還可采用(yong)多(duo)位、多(duo)件夾具(ju)，以提高CNC數控(kong)車床加工效率。
4.合理選擇切削用(yong)量，提高CNC數控車床(chuang)加工余量的切除效率
切削(xue)用(yong)量(liang)(liang)包括：主軸轉速(su)、切削(xue)深度、進給速(su)度。在選(xuan)擇數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)銑(xian)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)切削(xue)用(yong)量(liang)(liang)時，如果是(shi)粗(cu)CNC數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，一般(ban)以(yi)提高(gao)生產(chan)率為(wei)主，但也要考慮經濟(ji)性和(he)(he)CNC數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本，可選(xuan)擇較大(da)的(de)切削(xue)深度和(he)(he)進給速(su)度；要是(shi)半精CNC數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)精CNC數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，應(ying)在保(bao)證CNC數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)質量(liang)(liang)的(de)前(qian)提下，兼顧(gu)效率、經濟(ji)性和(he)(he)CNC數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本；刀具(ju)做空(kong)程運動時應(ying)設定(ding)盡(jin)可能高(gao)的(de)進給速(su)度。具(ju)體數(shu)值應(ying)根據車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)說明(ming)書、切削(xue)用(yong)量(liang)(liang)手冊，并結合經驗(yan)而定(ding)。
 5.實(shi)行刀具(ju)預調和自動測狼(lang)，減少占(zhan)機(ji)調整時間
CNC數控車床CNC數控車床加工過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)往(wang)往(wang)要(yao)用(yong)到多把(ba)不同的刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)，如果刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)不能(neng)預(yu)先調好，就(jiu)需要(yao)操作(zuo)者把(ba)每一把(ba)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)都安裝(zhuang)到主軸(zhou)上(shang)，慢慢地(di)確定它(ta)(ta)們的準確長(chang)度(du)和(he)直(zhi)徑。然后，通過(guo)(guo)CNC控制(zhi)面上(shang)的按(an)鍵用(yong)人(ren)工輸入。如果使用(yong)對刀(dao)(dao)儀，它(ta)(ta)可以(yi)測(ce)量出刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)的直(zhi)徑和(he)長(chang)度(du)，減少(shao)車床占用(yong)時(shi)間，提(ti)高首件合格率，大大提(ti)升數控銑床的生產效(xiao)率。
6.靈活運用CNC數控車(che)床的各種(zhong)輔助功(gong)能及宏程(cheng)序(xu)
CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)具(ju)有刀(dao)具(ju)半(ban)徑和長度(du)補(bu)償(chang)功能，通過改變刀(dao)具(ju)補(bu)償(chang)的方法彌(mi)補(bu)刀(dao)具(ju)尺(chi)寸誤差，以(yi)同(tong)一CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加工(gong)程序實現分層(ceng)銑(xian)削和粗(cu)、精CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加工(gong)或用于提高CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加工(gong)精度(du)，并可(ke)用同(tong)一CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加工(gong)程序CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)加工(gong)配(pei)合件。
運用(yong)宏(hong)程序(xu)zui大(da)的(de)(de)特點就(jiu)是將(jiang)有規(gui)律的(de)(de)形狀或尺寸用(yong)zui短的(de)(de)程序(xu)表示出來，而且(qie)車床(chuang)在執(zhi)行(xing)此類程序(xu)時(shi)，較(jiao)執(zhi)行(xing)CAD/CAM軟(ruan)件生成的(de)(de)程序(xu)更加(jia)(jia)快捷，反(fan)應更迅(xun)速。宏(hong)程序(xu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)使用(yong)變量，并給變量賦(fu)值(zhi)，變量之間可(ke)(ke)以(yi)運算，程序(xu)運行(xing)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)跳轉，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)形成模塊化CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車床(chuang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)程序(xu)，應用(yong)時(shi)只需要把零件信息、CNC數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)車床(chuang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)參(can)數(shu)(shu)等(deng)輸(shu)入相應模塊的(de)(de)調用(yong)語句中，大(da)大(da)縮短程序(xu)編制和輸(shu)入時(shi)間。
CNC數控車床還具有固定循環功能、子程序功能、鏡像CNC數控車床加工功能、旋轉燈功能，運用這些功能能免去長程序的輸入，使用得當嘗嘗能受到事半功倍的效果。
更多關于數控車床的參數情況，可以咨詢我們，咨詢電話： 相關標簽：雙鴻數控車床 廣東數控車床 taomeizhuang.cn