數控機床廠家以其精度高、效率高、能適應小批量多品種復雜零件的加工等優點,在機械加工中得到日益廣泛的應用。概括起來,數控機床的加工有以下幾方面的優點。
與普通車床相比,數控車床廠家具有以下幾個特點:
1、適用性強
由于數(shu)控機床(chuang)(chuang)能實現多個(ge)坐(zuo)標的(de)聯(lian)動(dong),所以數(shu)控機床(chuang)(chuang)能加工(gong)(gong)形狀復(fu)雜的(de)零(ling)件(jian),特別是對(dui)于可用數(shu)字(zi)方程式和坐(zuo)標點(dian)表示(shi)的(de)零(ling)件(jian),加工(gong)(gong)非常方便。更換加工(gong)(gong)零(ling)件(jian)時(shi),數(shu)控機床(chuang)(chuang)只需要換零(ling)件(jian)加工(gong)(gong)的(de)NC程序(xu)。
2、加工質量穩(wen)定
對于(yu)同一(yi)批零件,由于(yu)使用同一(yi)機(ji)床和刀具(ju)及同一(yi)加工程序,刀具(ju)的運動軌跡xx相同,這就保證了零件加工的一(yi)致性好,且質量(liang)穩定(ding)。
3、效率(lv)高(gao)
數控車床(chuang)的(de)主軸(zhou)轉速(su)(su)及進給范圍比(bi)普通車床(chuang)大。目前(qian)數控機(ji)床(chuang){zg}進給速(su)(su)度可達到100m/min以上,最小分辨率達0.01um。一般來說,數控機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)生產能力約為(wei)普通機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)三倍,甚至更高。數控機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)時間利用率高大90%,而普通機(ji)床(chuang)僅(jin)為(wei)30%~50%。
在數(shu)控車床上(shang)加(jia)工零(ling)件時,應(ying)該遵循(xun)如下原則:
1、選(xuan)擇(ze)適合在數控車床上加工(gong)的零件(jian)。
2、分析被加工(gong)零件圖樣(yang),明確(que)加工(gong)內容(rong)和技術要(yao)求。
3、確定工件坐標系原點位置。
4、制定加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝路(lu)(lu)徑,應(ying)(ying)該(gai)考(kao)(kao)慮(lv)(lv)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)起始點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位置(zhi),起始點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)般也作(zuo)為加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)結束的(de)(de)位置(zhi),起始點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)應(ying)(ying)便于檢查和裝夾工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian),應(ying)(ying)該(gai)考(kao)(kao)慮(lv)(lv)粗(cu)車(che)(che)、半精車(che)(che)、精車(che)(che)路(lu)(lu)線(xian)(xian),在保證(zheng)零件(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度和表面(mian)粗(cu)糙度的(de)(de)前(qian)提下,盡可(ke)能以最少的(de)(de)進(jin)給路(lu)(lu)線(xian)(xian)完成(cheng)零件(jian)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),縮(suo)短(duan)單件(jian)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時間,應(ying)(ying)考(kao)(kao)慮(lv)(lv)換(huan)(huan)刀(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)位置(zhi),換(huan)(huan)刀(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中刀(dao)(dao)架進(jin)行自(zi)動換(huan)(huan)刀(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)位置(zhi),換(huan)(huan)刀(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位置(zhi)的(de)(de)選擇應(ying)(ying)考(kao)(kao)慮(lv)(lv)在換(huan)(huan)刀(dao)(dao)過(guo)程中不發生(sheng)干(gan)涉現(xian)象,且(qie)換(huan)(huan)刀(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)線(xian)(xian)盡可(ke)能短(duan),加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)起始點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和換(huan)(huan)刀(dao)(dao)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)選同一(yi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或者不選同一(yi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
5、選擇切削參數(shu)。在加工(gong)過程中,應根據(ju)零件精度(du)要求選擇合理的主軸(zhou)轉(zhuan)速、進(jin)給速度(du)、和切削深度(du)。
6、合理選擇刀具(ju)。根據加(jia)工(gong)的(de)零(ling)件形(xing)狀(zhuang)和表面精度要求,選擇合適的(de)刀具(ju)進(jin)行加(jia)工(gong)。
7、編制加工程序,調試加工程序,完成零件加工。 //taomeizhuang.cn