cnc數控車床停機故障分析
人氣：1946發(fa)表(biao)時間(jian)：2020/2/18 12:34:11
cnc數控車床(chuang)的(de)主(zhu)軸平(ping)行(xing)于水平(ping)面，一個直徑很大的(de)圓形工(gong)作臺，用(yong)(yong)來(lai)裝夾(jia)工(gong)件。這(zhe)類機床(chuang)主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)于加工(gong)徑向尺寸大、軸向尺寸相對較小(xiao)的(de)大型復雜零件。
cnc數(shu)控(kong)車床復合機的停車故障現(xian)象：
cnc數控(kong)車床(chuang)
cnc數控車(che)床在停車(che)時發出巨大(da)(da)響聲(sheng)，同(tong)時車(che)間(jian)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)源跳(tiao)閘(zha)。先檢查(cha)車(che)間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工對供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢查(cha)，跳(tiao)閘(zha)的自(zi)動(dong)空氣斷路器所(suo)在處，因環境潮(chao)濕開關盒內自(zi)動(dong)跳(tiao)閘(zha)的連桿(gan)機(ji)構已腐蝕，另外三相(xiang)觸(chu)點中有(you)(you)一(yi)相(xiang)觸(chu)點只(zhi)有(you)(you)一(yi)小部分能接(jie)觸(chu)。其次(ci)車(che)間(jian)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)變壓(ya)器容量小，超負荷運行(xing)。其正常(chang)(chang)的相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)只(zhi)有(you)(you)340V。后cnc數控車(che)床一(yi)只(zhi)晶(jing)閘(zha)管已被(bei)燒壞，查(cha)看驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，觸(chu)發脈沖短小，只(zhi)有(you)(you)正常(chang)(chang)觸(chu)發脈沖幅值的四(si)分之(zhi)一(yi)，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步查(cha)實(shi)為觸(chu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中的放大(da)(da)管性能不好所(suo)致。
故障(zhang)分(fen)析：
晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管在(zai)整(zheng)流狀態(tai)(tai)下缺相(xiang)(xiang)和在(zai)逆變(bian)狀態(tai)(tai)下缺相(xiang)(xiang)結(jie)果是不(bu)同(tong)的。在(zai)整(zheng)流狀態(tai)(tai)下總(zong)是觸發(fa)(fa)電位(wei)較高(gao)的晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)使前一(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管承受反相(xiang)(xiang)電壓(ya)而關斷。在(zai)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管的關斷期(qi)間以(yi)反相(xiang)(xiang)阻斷狀態(tai)(tai)為(wei)主。即使后一(yi)個晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管不(bu)觸發(fa)(fa)，而晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管到(dao)一(yi)定時(shi)(shi)刻也(ye)會因過(guo)零而自動關斷。但如(ru)果是在(zai)停(ting)車(che)降速時(shi)(shi)，即在(zai)逆變(bian)的情況下，同(tong)樣也(ye)是觸發(fa)(fa)電位(wei)較高(gao)的晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管導通，并使前一(yi)個晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管承受反壓(ya)而關斷，這時(shi)(shi)的晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管在(zai)關斷時(shi)(shi)有很長一(yi)段(duan)時(shi)(shi)間處(chu)于正向阻斷狀態(tai)(tai)。
這樣，若(ruo)后(hou)一個(ge)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)導(dao)通，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)感的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)作用(yong)，使該(gai)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)再延續(xu)導(dao)通一個(ge)周期而進入正半(ban)周，晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)將(jiang)繼續(xu)導(dao)通下去，同時(shi)阻礙后(hou)面(mian)的(de)(de)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)導(dao)通。于是，晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)輸(shu)出(chu)的(de)(de)正向電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢迭加產生(sheng)很大(da)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，這時(shi)即(ji)產生(sheng)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)(bian)改變(bian)(bian)(bian)，輕則燒(shao)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)保險絲，重則燒(shao)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。如果(guo)cnc數控車床車間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)正常(chang)，沒有大(da)的(de)(de)波動，也許不(bu)(bu)會燒(shao)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波動大(da)，車間變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器容(rong)量小，超負荷運(yun)行，再加之B相正組觸發(fa)脈沖幅值小，及車間供電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)總開關(guan)盒的(de)(de)損壞(huai)(huai)(huai)等(deng)綜合(he)原因造(zao)成了故障的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)。
處理方(fang)法：1.更換(huan)自(zi)動空氣斷路器；2.更換(huan)新的晶閘管。